Carburetor



E. H. RUSTIN Dec. 11, 1934.

CARBURETOR Original Filed April 3, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l AfTORNEY Patented Dec. 11, 1934 1,984,287,; CARBURETOR" Eugene :H.-' Rustin, BrookI ynQwN; Y.

Application April. 3, 1933; Serial No; 664,245 Renewed 1April=21 1934- 51Cl'aims: 101.. 261-12) This invention. relates to carburetors forinternal combustion engines. andlhas. for theprimary object, the provisionsof a; device of the abovestated character .wherebyairand liquid fuel may' 5. bethoroughly mixed-to produce .an eflicientanddry fuel which when ignited will provide maxie mum power and aminimum consumption otfuel.

Another object ofrthis inventiomiswthe provision of a carburetor construction- :builtin: or

1 as a part of the fuel tank and is equipped-with regulating valvesfor .controllingrboth theair'and' liquid fuel to the mixingchamberiofethe-carbueretor andthe fiow'of the mixed and vaporized fuel from the said chamber i to the engine.

A further object :ofathis, invention is-the pro vision of means .-for preventing: flames due-to .the-- back-firing; of the -engine from-vignitingifuelin thecarburetor orvwithin. the fuel tank;

A still further object iof this invention is i the provision. of. means; for admittingqheated air-tothe: mixing chamber of-= the r carburetor: with ,aminimum. -.amount :ofvmoisture' therein: and: free.

of dirt-and: othenforeigmmatter;

With: these: and other objects in: view thisyin vention consists in certain.novel featurespfconr struction; combination and arrangement/10f @parts tobe hereinafter more fully described and;

claimed.

For a complete understanding ofsmy. inven- 1 tion,.reference is'to be:ha.d .to the following de.-.-.

scription and accompanyingjzdrawings, :in. which;

Figure: l isxa side elevation: partly): ins section illustratingea. :carburetor constructed :in accord! ance with 'my invention and showing; the; same installed :toa fuel tank: a

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical: sectional view illustrating thetsame.

Figure .3 isca: sectionali view takemon the'line.

3-3Iof:Figure. 2...

Figure .4 is a; seotionallviewutaken .on: the dine 4--4 f .zFigure 2;;

Figureefi is a fragmentary view :illustratingathe combined closure and .bearing for. theurotatable control valve of tithe carbureton.

Figure :6 is: a plan 1 view illustrating the..--rotatable:control 'valvex Figure -7 is -a'-sectional-view taken: on :the line 7-7 of Figure 6.

Figure 8: is-a'sectional view takenl'on the line 8- -8'of Figure 2.

Figure 9f is a perspectivezview illustrating: one of the valves :of the. carburetor;

Referring in detail to the; drawingsythenumeral 1 indicates sasfuel-tank, theibottome wall of: which is provided iwithzamopeningxfl isurrounded'gby .an'

internally threaded'flange 3 to which is'threade'd acombinedvalve mounting and'closure cap 4. Theopening2 permits the assembling. or placing inthe tankll "a carburetor mixing chamber 5 to whichis. connected by screw threads an outlet pipefi'detachably. connected to a coupling '7 which joinsto theoutlet pipe 6 a pipe8. The coupling? is mounted in an openingformedin one ofthe Walls of the tank 1 and is of such a construction to prevent leakage between the tank and the coupling. and also permit separation of the pipes 6 and 8..wh'en desired. The pipes Sand 8, as shown in Figure 2,1are of substantially L-shapeand re-' versely arranged relative to each other. with the pipe 8 detachably connected to a control valve 9' consisting. of acasing 10 provided with inlet and outlet necks 11 and 12; The inlet neck 11 is preferably threaded t0 the pipe 8, whilethe'outlet neck 121s threaded to a pipe 13 suitably constructed for connection with theintake manifold of an engine. 1 J ournaledin the valve casing 10 is a rotary .valve 14 adapted for controllingthe pas-' sage of fuel to the engine and is provided with a stemzlijournaled in an end wall of the casing and towhich is 1 connected asuitable operating mediumllfi. Between vthe stem 15 and the valve casing a suitable stuffing gland 1'7 is provided. The opposite end of the valve casing'is fully open and' internally. screw threaded to permit the rotaryvalve tobeplaced in or removed from the valve casing.- A closure 18 is threaded in the open: end of. the valve casing and forms a journal forone end of the rotary valve.

The mixingchamber 5 conslsts of an outer sleeve .19 having its upper endenlarged and internallyt-hreaded. to receive the threaded end of the pipe 6. An inner sleeve 20 is formed integrally with the upper portionof the outer sleeve 19 and the'lower ends of said sleeves terminate in alinement with the major portion of the inner sleeve relatively spaced fromthe-outer sleeve. The formation of the inner sleeve with the outer sleeve provides a valve seat 21 for a gravity seating valve 22,-the latter providedwith a bore-to receive a stem\23 projecting slightly above the valve 22 and has :threaded thereto a nut or similar element 24 for limiting the upward movement of the valve on" the stem. However, the nut may be adjusted on the. stem for the purpose of varying the movement of the valve relative to the stem. A spider 25 is located inthe-inner sleeve 20 and slidably supports. the stem 23, the lower end of which is shaped to form a needle valve 26.

A closure =27 is removably 1 secured to the lower end-of; the-outer .sleeve 19 and the inner sleeve abuts said closure. The closure lies partially within the opening 2 of the tank and is spaced from the walls of said opening so that the fuel within the tank may gravitate freely into the combined closure and valve mounting 4. The closure 27 is provided with double valve seats communicative with each other and with the interior of the inner sleeve and with the interior of the combined closure and valve mounting 4. The double valve seats are superimposed and the uppermost valve seat is engaged by the needle valve 26 and the latter is urged in engagement therewith by a spring 28. The lower valve seat is engaged by a needle valve 29 adjustably mounted in the combined closure and valve mounting 4 so as to regulate the flow of fuel from the tank to the interior of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve on the interior thereof forms a mixing chamber and the spacing of the inner and outer sleeves provides an air chamber. The mixing and air chambers are in communication with each other by slots 30 formed in the lower portion of the inner sleeve and arranged preferably in substantial alinement with the upper valve seat of the closure 27 so that the air in the air chamber will be admitted to the mixing chamber in substantially the same plane with the admittance of fuel to the mixing chamber.

A removable cap 31 is carried by the combined closure and valve mounting 4 to overlie the outer end of the needle valve and may be removed when it is desired to adjust the needle valve. A suitable packing 32 is provided for the needle valve and is adapted to retain the valve in any of its adjusted positions.

A neck 33 is in communication with the air chamber substantially intermediate the end of the outer sleeve and provides a combined coupling and stuffing gland between a wall of the fuel tank and an air intake pipe 34. The pipe 34 is removably secured in the coupling and is of substantially L-shape with one leg portion thereof disposed vertically and preferably located adjacent a suitable heat source such as an exhaust manifold of an engine and mounted upon said leg is a moisture trap 35 adapted to admit air to the intake pipe with a minimum amount of moisture and foreign matter. The trap 35 is preferably of cylindrical shape having its upper end closed by an end wall and its lower end closed by a perforated wall on which is formed an attaching neck 36 to receive the intake pipe 34. A trap 35 of the character described admits air at its lower end and said air must travel upwardly before entering the intake pipe 34, thereby eliminating the possibility of excessive moisture passing with the said air into the intake pipe. Located within the neck 33 are spaced screens 3'? through which the air must pass before entering the air chamber within the outer sleeve 19 and thereby remove any foreign matter which may be moving with the air.

A portion of the pipe 13 is slightly enlarged to form a seat for a valve cage 38, the latter being secured to said pipe 13 by a set bolt 39. The valve cage has a self-seating check valve 40 opened by the suction of the engine to which the pipe 13 is connected and in case of back pressure caused by back-firing of the engine will automatically shut and prevent flames from igniting fuel within the ipes 8, 6 and the mixing chamber within the fuel tank, thereby reducing fire hazards to a minimum.

During non-operation of the carburetor or the engine to which it is applied, the valves 40, 22 and 26 are in engagement with their respective seats and the valve 26 in engagement with its seat prevents entrance of fuel from the tank to the mixing chamber, obviating a possibility of the carburetor becoming flooded with fuel.

During the operation of the engine, the valves 40 and 22 are unseated by the suction of the engine and the unseating of the valve 22 opens the mixing chamber to the pipe 6 and also unseats the needle valve 26 from its seat, allowing the fuel from the fuel tank to enter the mixing chamber and the suction of the engine within said mixing chamber draws air therein which becomes thoroughly mixed with the fuel to vaporize and break up the latter into a substantially dry and highly combustible fuel capable of producing maximum power to the engine when ignited.

The pipe 8 has a comparatively small opening 41 adapted to admit air for mixing with the fuel prior to entering the engine.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings it will be seen that all of the various parts involved in this invention are readily accessible and that the parts located within the fuel tank may be conveniently assembled within the latter.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that minor changes in construction, combination and arrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, as claimed.

Having described the invention, I claim:

1. In combination with a fuel tank, a mixing chamber mounted in the fuel tank and having communication with the latter, means for regulating the fuel from the fuel tank to the mixing chamber, means for admitting air to the mixing chamber, an outletmanifold connected to the mixing chamber and to an intake manifold of an engine, a suction operated valve between the outlet manifold and the mixing chamber, and means affected by the movement of the suction valve to positively control the fuel from the tank to the mixing chamber.

2. A carburetor comprising a fuel tank, relatively spaced and integrally connected inner and outer sleeves in said tank, an outlet manifold connected to said sleeves and to the intake manifold of an engine, a suction controlled valve between the outlet manifold and the inner sleeve, a valve actuated by the suction valve to open and close the inner sleeve to the tank, a regulator valve for controlling the fuel from the tank to the inner sleeve, and means for admitting air to the inner sleeve.

3. A carburetor comprising a fuel tank, relatively spaced and integrally connected inner and outer sleeves in said tank, an outlet manifold connected to saidsleeves and to the intake manifold of an engine, a suction controlled valve between the outlet manifold and the inner sleeve, a valve actuated by the suction valve to open and close the inner sleeve to the tank, a regulator valve for controlling the fuel from the tank to the inner sleeve, said inner sleeve having slots, and an air supply means connected to the outer sleeve.

4. A carburetor comprising a fuel tank, rela tively spaced and integrally connected inner and outer sleeves in the tank and having their lower ends open, said inner sleeve having its upper end open and formed to provide a valve seat, an outlet manifold connected to the sleeves adjacent the seat and to an intake manifold of an engine,

a suction operated valve engaging the seat, a closure closing the lower ends of said sleeves, and having a passage in communication with the tank and provided with superimposed valve seats, a needle valve operated by the suction valve to engage the upper seat of the superimposed seats, a regulating valve for engaging the lower seat of the superimposed seats, tension means for seating the needle valve, and means for admitting air to the inner sleeve.

5. A carburetor comprising a fuel tank, relatively spaced and integrally connected inner and outer sleeves in the tank and having their lower ends open, said inner sleeve having its upper end open and formed to provide a valve seat, an

outlet manifold connected to the sleeves adjacent the seat and to an intake manifold of an engine, a suction operated valve engaging the seat, a closure closing the lower ends of said sleeves and having a passage in communication with the tank and provided withsuperimposed valve seats, ,a needle valve operated by the suction valve to engage the upper seat ofthe superimposed seats, a regulating valve for engaging the lower seat of the superimposed seats, tension means for seating the needle valve, said inner sleeve having slots to establish communication between the interior thereof with the interior of the outer sleeve, and means for admitting air to the interior of the outer sleevel EUGENE H. RUSTIN. 

